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通过从头开始重建你最爱的技术来掌握编程。
SECTION · 01
关键指标一览
Stars 数
531,785
Forks 数
50,299
Watchers 数
531,785
Issue 数
618
主要语言
Markdown
仓库所有者
codecrafters-io
创建时间
2018.05.09
更新时间
2026.07.26
最近推送
2026.07.14
SECTION · 02
主题标签
awesome-list
free
programming
tutorial-code
tutorial-exercises
tutorials
SECTION · 03
README 详细介绍
Build your own <insert-technology-here>
This repository is a compilation of well-written, step-by-step guides for re-creating our favorite technologies from scratch.
> What I cannot create, I do not understand — Richard Feynman.
It's a great way to learn.
- 3D Renderer
- AI Model
- Augmented Reality
- BitTorrent Client
- Blockchain / Cryptocurrency
- Bot
- Command-Line Tool
- Database
- Docker
- Emulator / Virtual Machine
- Front-end Framework / Library
- Game
- Git
- Memory Allocator
- Network Stack
- Neural Network
- Operating System
- Physics Engine
- Processor
- Programming Language
- Regex Engine
- Search Engine
- Shell
- Template Engine
- Text Editor
- Visual Recognition System
- Voxel Engine
- Web Browser
- Web Server
- Uncategorized
Tutorials
Build your own Distributed Systems
Build your own 3D Renderer
- C++: _Introduction to Ray Tracing: a Simple Method for Creating 3D Images_
- C++: _How OpenGL works: software rendering in 500 lines of code_
- C++: _Raycasting engine of Wolfenstein 3D_
- C++: _Physically Based Rendering:From Theory To Implementation_
- C++: _Ray Tracing in One Weekend_
- C++: _Rasterization: a Practical Implementation_
- C# / TypeScript / JavaScript: _Learning how to write a 3D soft engine from scratch in C#, TypeScript or JavaScript_
- Java / JavaScript: _Build your own 3D renderer_
- Java: _How to create your own simple 3D render engine in pure Java_
- JavaScript / Pseudocode: _Computer Graphics from scratch_
- Python: _A 3D Modeller_
Build your own AI Model
- Python: _A Large Language Model (LLM)_
- Python: _Diffusion Models for Image Generation_
- Python: _RAG for Document Search_
Build your own Augmented Reality
- C#: _How To: Augmented Reality App Tutorial for Beginners with Vuforia and Unity 3D_ [video]
- C#: _How To Unity ARCore_ [video]
- C#: _AR Portal Tutorial with Unity_ [video]
- C#: _How to create a Dragon in Augmented Reality in Unity ARCore_ [video]
- C#: _How to Augmented Reality AR Tutorial: ARKit Portal to the Upside Down_ [video]
- Python: _Augmented Reality with Python and OpenCV_
Build your own BitTorrent Client
- C#: _Building a BitTorrent client from scratch in C#_
- Go: _Building a BitTorrent client from the ground up in Go_
- Nim: _Writing a Bencode Parser_
- Node.js: _Write your own bittorrent client_
- Python: _A BitTorrent client in Python 3.5_
Build your own Blockchain / Cryptocurrency
- ATS: _Functional Blockchain_
- Crystal: _Write your own blockchain and PoW algorithm using Crystal_
- Go: _Building Blockchain in Go_
- Go: _Code your own blockchain in less than 200 lines of Go_
- Java: _Creating Your First Blockchain with Java_
- JavaScript: _A cryptocurrency implementation in less than 1500 lines of code_
- JavaScript: _Build your own Blockchain in JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _Learn & Build a JavaScript Blockchain_
- JavaScript: _Creating a blockchain with JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _How To Launch Your Own Production-Ready Cryptocurrency_
- JavaScript: _Writing a Blockchain in Node.js_
- Kotlin: _Let’s implement a cryptocurrency in Kotlin_
- Python: _Learn Blockchains by Building One_
- Python: _Build your own blockchain: a Python tutorial_
- Python: _A Practical Introduction to Blockchain with Python_
- Python: _Let’s Build the Tiniest Blockchain_
- Ruby: _Programming Blockchains Step-by-Step (Manuscripts Book Edition)_
- Scala: _How to build a simple actor-based blockchain_
- TypeScript: _Naivecoin: a tutorial for building a cryptocurrency_
- TypeScript: _NaivecoinStake: a tutorial for building a cryptocurrency with the Proof of Stake consensus_
- Rust: _Building A Blockchain in Rust & Substrate_
Build your own Bot
- Haskell: _Roll your own IRC bot_
- Node.js: _Creating a Simple Facebook Messenger AI Bot with API.ai in Node.js_
- Node.js: _How to make a responsive telegram bot_
- Node.js: _Create a Discord bot_
- Node.js: _gifbot - Building a GitHub App_
- Node.js: _Building A Simple AI Chatbot With Web Speech API And Node.js_
- Python: _How to Build Your First Slack Bot with Python_
- Python: _How to build a Slack Bot with Python using Slack Events API & Django under 20 minute_
- Python: _Build a Reddit Bot_
- Python: _How To Make A Reddit Bot_ [video]
- Python: _How To Create a Telegram Bot Using Python_
- Python: _Create a Twitter Bot in Python Using Tweepy_
- Python: _Creating Reddit Bot with Python & PRAW_ [video]
- R: _Build A Cryptocurrency Trading Bot with R_
- Rust: _A bot for Starcraft in Rust, C or any other language_
Build your own Command-Line Tool
- Go: _Visualize your local git contributions with Go_
- Go: _Build a command line app with Go: lolcat_
- Go: _Building a cli command with Go: cowsay_
- Go: _Go CLI tutorial: fortune clone_
- Nim: _Writing a stow alternative to manage dotfiles_
- Node.js: _Create a CLI tool in Javascript_
- Rust: _Command line apps in Rust_
- Rust: _Writing a Command Line Tool in Rust_
- Zig: _Build Your Own CLI App in Zig from Scratch_
Build your own Database
- C: _Let's Build a Simple Database_
- C++: _Build Your Own Redis from Scratch_
- C#: _Build Your Own Database_
- Clojure: _An Archaeology-Inspired Database_
- Crystal: _Why you should build your own NoSQL Database_
- Go: _Build Your Own Database from Scratch: From B+Tree To SQL in 3000 Lines_
- Go: _Code a database in 45 steps: a series of test-driven small coding puzzles_
- Go: _Build Your Own Redis from Scratch_
- JavaScript: _Dagoba: an in-memory graph database_
- Python: _DBDB: Dog Bed Database_
- Python: _Write your own miniature Redis with Python_
- Ruby: _Build your own fast, persistent KV store in Ruby_
- Rust: _Build your own Redis client and server_
Build your own Docker
- C: _Linux containers in 500 lines of code_
- Go: _Build Your Own Container Using Less than 100 Lines of Go_
- Go: _Building a container from scratch in Go_ [video]
- Python: _A workshop on Linux containers: Rebuild Docker from Scratch_
- Python: _A proof-of-concept imitation of Docker, written in 100% Python_
- Shell: _Docker implemented in around 100 lines of bash_
Build your own Emulator / Virtual Machine
- C: _Home-grown bytecode interpreters_
- C: _Virtual machine in C_
- C: _Write your Own Virtual Machine_
- C: _Writing a Game Boy emulator, Cinoop_
- C++: _How to write an emulator (CHIP-8 interpreter)_
- C++: _Emulation tutorial (CHIP-8 interpreter)_
- C++: _Emulation tutorial (GameBoy emulator)_
- C++: _Emulation tutorial (Master System emulator)_
- C++: _NES Emulator From Scratch_ [video]
- Common Lisp: _CHIP-8 in Common Lisp_
- JavaScript: _GameBoy Emulation in JavaScript_
- Python: _Emulation Basics: Write your own Chip 8 Emulator/Interpreter_
- Rust: _0dmg: Learning Rust by building a partial Game Boy emulator_
Build your own Front-end Framework / Library
- JavaScript: _WTF is JSX (Let's Build a JSX Renderer)_
- JavaScript: _A DIY guide to build your own React_
- JavaScript: _Building React From Scratch_ [video]
- JavaScript: _Gooact: React in 160 lines of JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _Learn how React Reconciler package works by building your own lightweight React DOM_
- JavaScript: _Build Yourself a Redux_
- JavaScript: _Let’s Write Redux!_
- JavaScript: _Redux: Implementing Store from Scratch_ [video]
- JavaScript: _Build Your own Simplified AngularJS in 200 Lines of JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _Make Your Own AngularJS_
- JavaScript: _How to write your own Virtual DOM_
- JavaScript: _Building a frontend framework, from scratch, with components (templating, state, VDOM)_
- JavaScript: _Build your own React_
- JavaScript: _Building a Custom React Renderer_ [video]
Build your own Game
- C: _Handmade Hero_
- C: _How to Program an NES game in C_
- C: _Chess Engine In C_ [video]
- C: _Let's Make: Dangerous Dave_ [video]
- C: _Learn Video Game Programming in C_
[video]
- C: _Coding A Sudoku Solver in C_ [video]
- C: _Coding a Rogue/Nethack RPG in C_ [video]
- C: _On Tetris and Reimplementation_
- C++: _Breakout_
- C++: _Beginning Game Programming v2.0_
- C++: _Tetris tutorial in C++ platform independent focused in game logic for beginners_
- C++: _Remaking Cavestory in C++_ [video]
- C++: _Reconstructing Cave Story_ [video]
- C++: _Space Invaders from Scratch_
- C#: _Learn C# by Building a Simple RPG_
- C#: _Creating a Roguelike Game in C#_
- C#: _Build a C#/WPF RPG_
- Go: _Games With Go_ [video]
- Java: _Code a 2D Game Engine using Java - Full Course for Beginners_ [video]
- Java: _3D Game Development with LWJGL 3_
- JavaScript: _2D breakout game using Phaser_
- JavaScript: _How to Make Flappy Bird in HTML5 With Phaser_
- JavaScript: _Developing Games with React, Redux, and SVG_
- JavaScript: _Build your own 8-Ball Pool game from scratch_ [video]
- JavaScript: _How to Make Your First Roguelike_
- JavaScript: _Think like a programmer: How to build Snake using only JavaScript, HTML & CSS_
- Lua: _BYTEPATH_
- Python: _Developing Games With PyGame_
- Python: _Making Games with Python & Pygame_ [pdf]
- Python: _Roguelike Tutorial Revised_
- Ruby: _Developing Games With Ruby_
- Ruby: _Ruby Snake_
- Rust: _Adventures in Rust: A Basic 2D Game_
- Rust: _Roguelike Tutorial in Rust + tcod_
Build your own Git
- Haskell: _Reimplementing “git clone” in Haskell from the bottom up_
- JavaScript: _Gitlet_
- JavaScript: _Build GIT - Learn GIT_
- Python: _Just enough of a Git client to create a repo, commit, and push itself to GitHub_
- Python: _Write yourself a Git!_
- Python: _ugit: Learn Git Internals by Building Git Yourself_
- Ruby: _Rebuilding Git in Ruby_
Build your own Memory Allocator
Build your own Network Stack
- C: _Beej's Guide to Network Programming_
- C: _Let's code a TCP/IP stack_
- C / Python: _Build your own VPN/Virtual Switch_
- Ruby: _How to build a network stack in Ruby_
Build your own Neural Network
- C#: _Neural Network OCR_
- F#: _Building Neural Networks in F#: Part 1_
- F#: _Building Neural Networks in F#: Part 2_
- Go: _Build a multilayer perceptron with Golang_
- Go: _How to build a simple artificial neural network with Go_
- Go: _Building a Neural Net from Scratch in Go_
- JavaScript / Java: _Neural Networks - The Nature of Code_ [video]
- JavaScript: _Neural networks from scratch for JavaScript linguists (Part1 — The Perceptron)_
- Python: _A Neural Network in 11 lines of Python_
- Python: _Build Deep Learning From Scratch (reimplement PyTorch internals across 34 stages)_
- Python: _Implement a Neural Network from Scratch_
- Python: _Optical Character Recognition (OCR)_
- Python: _Traffic signs classification with a convolutional network_
- Python: _Generate Music using LSTM Neural Network in Keras_
- Python: _An Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks_
- Python: _Neural Networks: Zero to Hero_
- Python: _SlowTorch: Implementation of PyTorch from the ground up in 100% pure Python_
Build your own Operating System
- Assembly: _Writing a Tiny x86 Bootloader_
- Assembly: _Baking Pi – Operating Systems Development_
- C: _Building a software and hardware stack for a simple computer from scratch_ [video]
- C: _Operating Systems: From 0 to 1_
- C: _The little book about OS development_
- C: _Roll your own toy UNIX-clone OS_
- C: _Kernel 101 – Let’s write a Kernel_
- C: _Kernel 201 – Let’s write a Kernel with keyboard and screen support_
- C: _Build a minimal multi-tasking kernel for ARM from scratch_
- C: _How to create an OS from scratch_
- C: _Malloc tutorial_
- C: _Hack the virtual memory_
- C: _Learning operating system development using Linux kernel and Raspberry Pi_
- C: _Operating systems development for Dummies_
- C++: _Write your own Operating System_ [video]
- C++: _Writing a Bootloader_
- Rust: _Writing an OS in Rust_
- Rust: _Add RISC-V Rust Operating System Tutorial_
- (any): _Linux from scratch_
Build your own Physics Engine
- C: _Video Game Physics Tutorial_
- C++: _Game physics series by Allen Chou_
- C++: _How to Create a Custom Physics Engine_
- C++: _3D Physics Engine Tutorial_ [video]
- JavaScript: _How Physics Engines Work_
- JavaScript: _Broad Phase Collision Detection Using Spatial Partitioning_
- JavaScript: _Build a simple 2D physics engine for JavaScript games_
Build your own Processor
Build your own Programming Language
- (any): _mal - Make a Lisp_
- Assembly: _Jonesforth_
- C: _Baby's First Garbage Collector_
- C: _Build Your Own Lisp: Learn C and build your own programming language in 1000 lines of code_
- C: _Writing a Simple Garbage Collector in C_
- C: _C interpreter that interprets itself._
- C: _A C & x86 version of the "Let's Build a Compiler" by Jack Crenshaw_
- C: _A journey explaining how to build a compiler from scratch_
- C++: _Writing Your Own Toy Compiler Using Flex_
- C++: _How to Create a Compiler_ [video]
- C++: _Kaleidoscope: Implementing a Language with LLVM_
- F#: _Understanding Parser Combinators_
- Elixir: _Demystifying compilers by writing your own_ [video]
- Go: _The Super Tiny Compiler_
- Go: _Lexical Scanning in Go_ [video]
- Haskell: _Let's Build a Compiler_
- Haskell: _Write You a Haskell_
- Haskell: _Write Yourself a Scheme in 48 Hours_
- Haskell: _Write You A Scheme_
- Java: _Crafting interpreters: A handbook for making programming languages_
- Java: _Creating JVM Language_
- JavaScript: _The Super Tiny Compiler_
- JavaScript: _The Super Tiny Interpreter_
- JavaScript: _Little Lisp interpreter_
- JavaScript: _How to implement a programming language in JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _Let’s go write a Lisp_
- OCaml: _Writing a C Compiler_
- OCaml: _Writing a Lisp, the series_
- Pascal: _Let's Build a Compiler_
- Python: _A Python Interpreter Written in Python_
- Python: _lisp.py: Make your own Lisp interpreter_
- Python: _How to Write a Lisp Interpreter in Python_
- Python: _Let’s Build A Simple Interpreter_
- Python: _Make Your Own Simple Interpreted Programming Language_ [video]
- Python: _From Source Code To Machine Code: Build Your Own Compiler From Scratch_
- Racket: _Beautiful Racket: How to make your own programming languages with Racket_
- Ruby: _A Compiler From Scratch_
- Ruby: _Markdown compiler from scratch in Ruby_
- Rust: _Learning Parser Combinators With Rust_
- Swift: _Building a LISP from scratch with Swift_
- TypeScript: _Build your own WebAssembly Compiler_
Build your own Regex Engine
- C: _A Regular Expression Matcher_
- C: _Regular Expression Matching Can Be Simple And Fast_
- Go: _How to build a regex engine from scratch_
- JavaScript: _Build a Regex Engine in Less than 40 Lines of Code_
- JavaScript: _How to implement regular expressions in functional javascript using derivatives_
- JavaScript: _Implementing a Regular Expression Engine_
- Perl: _How Regexes Work_
- Python: _Build Your Own Regular Expression Engines: Backtracking, NFA, DFA_
- Scala: _No Magic: Regular Expressions_
Build your own Search Engine
- CSS: _A search engine in CSS_
- Python: _Building a search engine using Redis and redis-py_
- Python: _Building a Vector Space Indexing Engine in Python_
- Python: _Building A Python-Based Search Engine_ [video]
- Python: _Making text search learn from feedback_
- Python: _Finding Important Words in Text Using TF-IDF_
Build your own Shell
- C: _Tutorial - Write a Shell in C_
- C: _Let's build a shell!_
- C: _Writing a UNIX Shell_
- C: _Build Your Own Shell_
- C: Write a shell in C
- Go: _Writing a simple shell in Go_
- Rust: _Build Your Own Shell using Rust_
Build your own Template Engine
- JavaScript: _JavaScript template engine in just 20 lines_
- JavaScript: _Understanding JavaScript Micro-Templating_
- Python: _Approach: Building a toy template engine in Python_
- Python: _A Template Engine_
- Ruby: _How to write a template engine in less than 30 lines of code_
Build your own Text Editor
- C: _Build Your Own Text Editor_
- C++: _Designing a Simple Text Editor_
- Python: _Python Tutorial: Make Your Own Text Editor_ [video]
- Python: _Create a Simple Python Text Editor!_
- Ruby: _Build a Collaborative Text Editor Using Rails_
- Rust: _Hecto: Build your own text editor in Rust_
Build your own Visual Recognition System
- Python: _Developing a License Plate Recognition System with Machine Learning in Python_
- Python: _Building a Facial Recognition Pipeline with Deep Learning in Tensorflow_
Build your own Voxel Engine
Build your own Web Browser
Build your own Web Server
- C#: _Writing a Web Server from Scratch_
- Node.js: _Build Your Own Web Server From Scratch In JavaScript_
- Node.js: _Let's code a web server from scratch with NodeJS Streams_
- Node.js: _lets-build-express_
- PHP: _Writing a webserver in pure PHP_
- Python: _A Simple Web Server_
- Python: _Let’s Build A Web Server._
- Python: _Web application from scratch_
- Python: _Building a basic HTTP Server from scratch in Python_
- Python: _Implementing a RESTful Web API with Python & Flask_
- Ruby: _Building a simple websockets server from scratch in Ruby_
Uncategorized
- (any): _From NAND to Tetris: Building a Modern Computer From First Principles_
- (any): build-your-own-x-vibe-coding: BYOX-style tutorials adapted for vibe coding
- Alloy: _The Same-Origin Policy_
- C: _How to Write a Video Player in Less Than 1000 Lines_
- C: _Learn how to write a hash table in C_
- C: _The very basics of a terminal emulator_
- C: _Write a System Call_
- C: _Sol - An MQTT broker from scratch_
- C++: _Build your own VR headset for $200_
- C++: _How X Window Managers work and how to write one_
- C++: _Writing a Linux Debugger_
- C++: _How a 64k intro is made_
- C++: _Make your own Game Engine_
- C#: _C# Networking: Create a TCP chater server, TCP games, UDP Pong and more_
- C#: _Loading and rendering 3D skeletal animations from scratch in C# and GLSL_
- Clojure: _Building a spell-checker_
- Go: _Build A Simple Terminal Emulator In 100 Lines of Golang_
- Go: _Let's Create a Simple Load Balancer_
- Go: _Video Encoding from Scratch_
- Java: _How to Build an Android Reddit App_ [video]
- JavaScript: _Build Your Own Module Bundler - Minipack_
- JavaScript: _Learn JavaScript Promises by Building a Promise from Scratch_
- JavaScript: _Implementing promises from scratch (TDD way)_
- JavaScript: _Implement your own — call(), apply() and bind() method in JavaScript_
- JavaScript: _JavaScript Algorithms and Data Structures_
- JavaScript: _Build a ride hailing app with React Native_
- JavaScript: _Build Your Own AdBlocker in (Literally) 10 Minutes_
- Kotlin: _Build Your Own Cache_
- Lua: _Building a CDN from Scratch to Learn about CDN_
- Nim: _Writing a Redis Protocol Parser_
- Nim: _Writing a Build system_
- Nim: _Writing a MiniTest Framework_
- Nim: _Writing a DMIDecode Parser_
- Nim: _Writing a INI Parser_
- Nim: _Writing a Link Checker_
- Nim: _Writing a URL Shortening Service_
- Node.js: _Build a static site generator in 40 lines with Node.js_
- Node.js: _Building A Simple Single Sign On(SSO) Server And Solution From Scratch In Node.js._
- Node.js: _How to create a real-world Node CLI app with Node_
- Node.js: _Build a DNS Server in Node.js_
- Node.js: _Build a Synchronization Engine with Node.js and Y.js_
- PHP: _Write your own MVC from scratch in PHP_
- PHP: _Make your own blog_
- PHP: _Modern PHP Without a Framework_
- PHP: _Code a Web Search Engine in PHP_
- Python: _Build a Deep Learning Library_ [video]
- Python: _How to Build a Kick-Ass Mobile Document Scanner in Just 5 Minutes_
- Python: _Continuous Integration System_
- Python: _Recommender Systems in Python: Beginner Tutorial_
- Python: _Write SMS-spam detector with Scikit-learn_
- Python: _A Simple Content-Based Recommendation Engine in Python_
- Python: _Stock Market Predictions with LSTM in Python_
- Python: _Building a simple Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) using Tensorflow_
- Python: _Learn ML Algorithms by coding: Decision Trees_
- Python: _JSON Decoding Algorithm_
- Python: _Build your own Git plugin with python_
- Ruby: _A Pedometer in the Real World_
- Ruby: _Creating a Linux Desktop application with Ruby_
- Rust: _Building a DNS server in Rust_
- Rust: _Writing Scalable Chat Service from Scratch_
- Rust: _WebGL + Rust: Basic Water Tutorial_
- TypeScript: _Tiny Package Manager: Learns how npm or Yarn works_
Contribute
- Submissions welcome, just send a PR, or create an issue
- Help us review pending submissions by leaving comments and "reactions"
Origins & License
This repository is the work of many contributors. It was started by Daniel Stefanovic, and is now maintained by CodeCrafters, Inc. To the extent possible under law, CodeCrafters, Inc. has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work.
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