containerd – containerd

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containerd is an industry-standard container runtime with an emphasis on simplicity, robustness, and portability. It is available as a daemon for Linux and Windows, which can manage the complete container lifecycle of its host system: image transfer and storage, container execution and supervision, low-level storage and network attachments, etc.

containerd is a member of CNCF with 'graduated' status.

containerd is designed to be embedded into a larger system, rather than being used directly by developers or end-users.

!architecture

Announcements

Now Recruiting

We are a large inclusive OSS project that is welcoming help of any kind shape or form:

• Documentation help is needed to make the product easier to consume and extend.
• We need OSS community outreach/organizing help to get the word out; manage

and create messaging and educational content; and help with social media, community forums/groups, and google groups.

• We are actively inviting new security advisors to join the team.
• New subprojects are being created, core and non-core that could use additional development help.
• Each of the containerd projects has a list of issues currently being worked on or that need help resolving.
• If the issue has not already been assigned to someone or has not made recent progress, and you are interested, please inquire.
• If you are interested in starting with a smaller/beginner-level issue, look for issues with an exp/beginner tag, for example containerd/containerd beginner issues.

Getting Started

See our documentation on containerd.io:

• for ops and admins
• namespaces
• client options

To get started contributing to containerd, see CONTRIBUTING.

If you are interested in trying out containerd see our example at Getting Started.

Nightly builds

There are nightly builds available for download here.
Binaries are generated from main branch every night for Linux and Windows.

Please be aware: nightly builds might have critical bugs, it's not recommended for use in production and no support provided.

Kubernetes (k8s) CI Dashboard Group

The k8s CI dashboard group for containerd contains test results regarding
the health of kubernetes when run against main and a number of containerd release branches.

• containerd-periodics

Runtime Requirements

Runtime requirements for containerd are very minimal. Most interactions with
the Linux and Windows container feature sets are handled via runc and/or
OS-specific libraries (e.g. hcsshim for Microsoft).
The current required version of runc is described in RUNC.md.

There are specific features
used by containerd core code and snapshotters that will require a minimum kernel
version on Linux. With the understood caveat of distro kernel versioning, a
reasonable starting point for Linux is a minimum 4.x kernel version.

The overlay filesystem snapshotter, used by default, uses features that were
finalized in the 4.x kernel series. If you choose to use btrfs, there may
be more flexibility in kernel version (minimum recommended is 3.18), but will
require the btrfs kernel module and btrfs tools to be installed on your Linux
distribution.

To use Linux checkpoint and restore features, you will need criu installed on
your system. See more details in Checkpoint and Restore.

Build requirements for developers are listed in BUILDING.

Supported Registries

Any registry which is compliant with the OCI Distribution Specification
is supported by containerd.

For configuring registries, see registry host configuration documentation

Features

For a detailed overview of containerd's core concepts and the features it supports,
please refer to the FEATURES.MD document.

Releases and API Stability

Please see RELEASES.md for details on versioning and stability
of containerd components.

Downloadable 64-bit Intel/AMD binaries of all official releases are available on
our releases page. Binaries
are published for additional platforms as well; see
Platform Support for the full list of platforms
and the level of support for each.

For other architectures and distribution support, you will find that many
Linux distributions package their own containerd and provide it across several
architectures, such as Canonical's Ubuntu packaging.

Enabling command auto-completion

Starting with containerd 1.4, the urfave client feature for auto-creation of bash and zsh
autocompletion data is enabled. To use the autocomplete feature in a bash shell for example, source
the autocomplete/ctr file in your .bashrc, or manually like:

$ source ./contrib/autocomplete/ctr

Distribution of ctr autocomplete for bash and zsh

For bash, copy the contrib/autocomplete/ctr script into
/etc/bash_completion.d/ and rename it to ctr. The zsh_autocomplete
file is also available and can be used similarly for zsh users.

Provide documentation to users to source this file into their shell if
you don't place the autocomplete file in a location where it is automatically
loaded for the user's shell environment.

CRI

cri is a containerd plugin implementation of the Kubernetes container runtime interface (CRI). With it, you are able to use containerd as the container runtime for a Kubernetes cluster.

!cri

CRI Status

cri is a native plugin of containerd. Since containerd 1.1, the cri plugin is built into the release binaries and enabled by default.

The cri plugin has reached GA status, representing that it is:

• Feature complete
• Works with Kubernetes 1.10 and above
• Passes all CRI validation tests.
• Passes all node e2e tests.
• Passes all e2e tests.

See results on the containerd k8s test dashboard

Validating Your cri Setup

A Kubernetes incubator project, cri-tools, includes programs for exercising CRI implementations. More importantly, cri-tools includes the program critest which is used for running CRI Validation Testing.

CRI Guides

• Installing with Ansible and Kubeadm
• For Non-Ansible Users, Performing a Custom Installation Using the Release Tarball and Kubeadm
• CRI Plugin Testing Guide
• Debugging Pods, Containers, and Images with <code class="ra0-md-code">crictl</code>
• Configuring <code class="ra0-md-code">cri</code> Plugins
• Configuring containerd

Communication

For async communication and long-running discussions please use issues and pull requests on the GitHub repo.
This will be the best place to discuss design and implementation.

For sync communication catch us in the #containerd and #containerd-dev Slack channels on Cloud Native Computing Foundation's (CNCF) Slack - cloud-native.slack.com. Everyone is welcome to join and chat. Get Invite to CNCF Slack.

Join our next community meeting hosted on Zoom. The schedule is posted on the CNCF Calendar (search 'containerd' to filter).

Security audit

Security audits for the containerd project are hosted on our website. Please see the security page at containerd.io for more information.

Reporting security issues

Please follow the instructions at containerd/project

Licenses

The containerd codebase is released under the Apache 2.0 license.
The README.md file and files in the "docs" folder are licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. You may obtain a
copy of the license, titled CC-BY-4.0, at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Project details

containerd is the primary open source project within the broader containerd GitHub organization.
However, all projects within the repo have common maintainership, governance, and contributing
guidelines which are stored in a project repository commonly for all containerd projects.

Please find all these core project documents, including the:

• Project governance,
• Maintainers,
• and Contributing guidelines

information in our <code class="ra0-md-code">containerd/project</code> repository.

Adoption

Interested to see who is using containerd? Are you using containerd in a project?
Please add yourself via pull request to our ADOPTERS.md file.