Radare2: Libre Reversing Framework for Unix Geeks

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Current git master branch is 6.1.9, next release will be 6.2.0.

Description

r2 is a complete rewrite of radare. It provides a set of libraries, tools and
plugins to ease reverse engineering tasks. Distributed under LGPLv3, despite
each plugin can have different licenses (see r2 -Lj for details)

The radare project started as a simple command-line hexadecimal editor
focused on forensics. Today, r2 is a full-featured low-level command-line tool
with support for scripting with the embedded Javascript interpreter or via r2pipe.

r2 can edit files on local hard drives, view kernel memory, and debug programs
locally or via a remote gdb/windbg servers. r2's wide architecture support allows
you to analyze, emulate, debug, modify, and disassemble any binary.

Installation

Download the last released binaries.

The recommended way to install radare2 is from Git repository source:

git clone https://github.com/radareorg/radare2
radare2/sys/install.sh

• Run sys/install.sh for the default acr+make+symlink installation
• meson/ninja (muon/samu also works) and make builds are supported.

Nix

radare2 provides Nix packaging under <code class="ra0-md-code">dist/nix</code>.

Source Build

• r2 can be installed from git or via pip using r2env.
• Windows builds require meson and msvc or mingw as compilers
• To uninstall the current build of r2 run make uninstall
• To uninstall ALL the system installations of r2 do: sudo make purge

On Windows use the .bat scripts and msvc:

preconfigure.bat       REM setup python, meson, ninja
configure.bat          REM run meson b + vs project
make.bat               REM run ninja -C b
prefixbinradare2.exe

Popular Plugins:

Using the r2pm tool you can browse and install many plugins and tools that use radare2.

• iaito: The official Qt graphical interface
• keystone Assembler instructions using the Keystone library
• decai Decompiler based on AI
• r2ai Run a Language Model in localhost with Llama inside r2!
• r2dec: A decompiler based on r2 written in JS, accessed with the pdd command
• r2diaphora: Diaphora's binary diffing engine on top of radare2
• r2flutter: Dart/Flutter AOT snapshot analysis for Android and iOS apps
• r2frida: The frida io plugin. Start r2 with r2 frida://0 to use it
• r2ghidra: The standalone native ghidra decompiler accessible with pdg
• r4ghidra: Feel the radare joy inside your Ghidra
• r2papi High level api on top of r2pipe
• r2pipe Script radare2 from any programming language
• r2poke Integration with GNU/Poke for extended binary parsing capabilities
• goresym: Import GoReSym symbol as flags
• r2yara Run Yara from r2 or use r2 primitives from Yara
• radius2: A fast symbolic execution engine based on boolector and esil
• r2sarif import/extend/export SARIF documents
• r2hermes Disassembler and analyzer for React Native Hermes bytecode
• r2renef Renef IO Plugin for Radare2 - Dynamic Android Instrumentation
• r2unity: Inspect Unity IL2CPP metadata and native binaries from radare2
• warrp Native radare2 plugin for the binary ninja's WARP format

Usage

These are the first steps to use r2, read the book or find tutorials for more details

$ r2 /bin/ls   # open file in read-only
> aaa          # analyse the program (r2 -A)
> afl          # list all functions (try aflt, aflm)
> px 32        # print 32 byte hexdump current block
> s sym.main   # seek to main (using flag name)
> f~foo        # filter flags matching 'foo' (internal |grep)
> iS;is        # list sections and symbols (rabin2 -Ss)
> pdf; agf     # disassembly and ascii-art function graph
> oo+;w hello  # reopen in read-write and write a string
> ?*~...       # interactive filter in all command help
> q            # quit

Many plugins are included in r2 by default. But you can extend its capabilities
by using the r2pm package manager.

r2pm -s <word>  # search packages matching a word
r2pm -Uci <pkg> # update database and clean install a package
r2pm -u <pkg>   # uninstall the given package
r2pm -l <pkg>   # list installed packages

Resources

• Official Book: Read about r2 usage
• COMMUNITY.md: Community engagement and loose guidelines
• CONTRIBUTING.md: Information about reporting issues and

contributing. See also Contributing

• DEVELOPERS.md: Development guidelines for r2
• SECURITY.md: Instructions for reporting vulnerabilities
• USAGE.md: Some example commands
• INSTALL.md: Installation instructions using make or meson

Documentation

Learn more about r2 watching youtube talks from r2con. There are also many blogposts, slidedecks and the official radare2 book, but it's always a good idea to join any of the official chats and drop your questions or feedback there.

Community

• Website: https://www.radare.org/
• Discord: Server
• Mastodon: @radareorg
• Telegram: Main and Side channels
• irc.libera.chat: #radare, #radare_side
• Matrix: #radare:matrix.org

Supported Platforms

Operating Systems

Windows (since XP for x86/x64/arm64), Linux, Darwin, GNU/Hurd, Apple's {Mac,i,iPad,watch}OS,
Android, Wasmer, [Dragonfly, Net, Free, Open] BSD, Z/OS, QNX, SerenityOS, Solaris, AIX,
Haiku, Vinix, FirefoxOS.

Architectures

i386, x86-64, Alpha, ARM, AVR, BPF, sBPF, MIPS, PowerPC, SPARC, RISC-V, SH, m68k,
S390, XCore, CR16, HPPA, ARC, Blackfin, Z80, H8/300, V810, PDP11, m680x, V850,
CRIS, XAP (CSR), PIC, LM32, 8051, 6502, i4004, i8080, Propeller, EVM, OR1K
Tricore, CHIP-8, LH5801, T8200, GameBoy, SNES, SPC700, MSP430, Xtensa, xcore,
NIOS II, Java, Dalvik, Pickle, WebAssembly, MSIL, EBC, TMS320 (c54x, c55x,
c55+, c64x), Hexagon, Brainfuck, Malbolge, whitespace, DCPU16, LANAI, lm32,
MSIL, InfernoDis, UXN, Cosmac, PythonBytecode, Sharp sm5xx MCPus, FreeScale QIQa,
MCORE, mcs96, RSP, SuperH-4, VAX, KVX, Am29000, LOONGARCH, JDH8, s390x, STM8.

File Formats

ELF, Mach-O, Fatmach-O, PE, PE+, MZ, COFF, XCOFF, OMF, TE, XBE, SEP64, BIOS/UEFI, BFLT, Pebble apps,
Apple Dyldcache, Kernelcache, MCLF trustlets, DEX, ART, Java class, Android boot image, Plan9 executables, Amiga HUNK,
ZIMG, MBN/SBL bootloader, ELF coredump, MDMP (Windows minidump), PDP11, XTAC, CGC, DotNet,
WASM (WebAssembly binary), Commodore VICE emulator, DOL, QNX, WAD, OFF, TIC-80,
GB/GBA, PSX, PRG (C64), Apple Classic PEF, NDS, z64, and N3DS
...

FileSystems

Mount in userland several filesystems like NTFS, FAT, HFS+, EXT, APFS, BeosFS, BFS, MINIX, ReiserFS, SFS, ubifs, ufs, jfs, ISO9660, UDF, xfs

Packaging Status

• <img src="https://snapcraft.io/radare2/badge.svg" alt="Snap package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/termux/radare2.svg" alt="Termux package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/alpine_3_23/radare2.svg" alt="Alpine Linux 3.23 package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" /> <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/alpine_3_22/radare2.svg" alt="Alpine Linux 3.22 package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/arch/radare2.svg" alt="Arch package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/fedora_42/radare2.svg" alt="Fedora 42" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" /> <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/fedora_41/radare2.svg" alt="Fedora 41" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/homebrew/radare2.svg" alt="Homebrew package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" /> <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/macports/radare2.svg" alt="MacPorts package" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />
• <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/haikuports_master/radare2.svg" alt="Haiku Ports" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" /> <img src="https://repology.org/badge/version-for-repo/void_x86_64/radare2.svg" alt="Void Linux" class="ra0-md-img" loading="lazy" />